Chapter One Moral Arguments and Morality
1. Moral Discussions
2. Thinking about Morality
3. The Burden of Proof
4. ‘Moral’, ‘Amoral’, ‘Ethical’ and some Related Terms
Chapter Two Doubts about Morality
1. The Retreat to Relativism
Naïve Moral Relativism
Subjective Moral Relativism
Situational Moral Relativism
2. Moral Skepticism
3. Moral Realism and Moral Anti-realism
4. Non-Cognitivism
5. The Moral Error Theory
The Argument from Relativity
The Argument from Queerness
6. An Argument from Agreement?
Chapter Three Divine Commands and Attitudes: Religious Morality
1. Religion and Morality
2. Enforcement and Revelation
3. What to Believe?
4. Divine Commands and Moral Obligation
God’s Power
God’s Ownership and Creation of Everything
God as a Parent
For the Love of God
God’s Goodness and Perfection
5. Another Argument—Intelligible and Unintelligible Beings
6. Conclusion
Chapter Four Reason and Experience: Secular Morality
1. Secular Moralists
2. Three Empiricist Attempts to Develop a Secular Morality
3. The Projection of Moral Sentiments—Hume and Mackie
4. Immanuel Kant
5. Intuitionism
6. Making Moralism True by Definition
Subjective Definitions
Non-subjective Definitions
7. Conclusion
Chapter Five A Survey of Moral Theories
1. Metaethics
2. Normative Ethics
3. Non-moral Uses of Evaluative Language
4. Value
5. Obligation
Consequentialism
Objections to Utilitarianism
Deontology
6. Rights
Chapter Six From Impasse to Abolition
1. The Moral Error Theory, Its Rival and its Critics
2. What can be said to the moral error theorist?
3. Can we persuade someone who rejects morality to behave?
4. Can someone who rejects morality be controlled by force?
5. Is the moral error theorist attacking a straw man?
6. Is the moral error theorist really a moral realist who either doesn’t know it or won’t admit it?
7. Two Alleged Enemies of Morality
Callicles
Nietzsche
8. Moral Abolitionism
Chapter Seven Desires and Emotions
1. Desires and emotions–Extreme Solutions
2. Desires and emotions–some muiddle wayseaker ones
The Epicureans
The Stoics
Greek and Roman Techniques
Buddhism
Karma Yog
Wu-wei
3. Conclusion
Chapter Eight Decisions and Socialization
1. Making Decisions
2. Our Decider
3. Snap Decisions
4. Mindfulness
5. Socialization
Punishment and Reward
Alleged Natural Consequences
Supernatural Involvement
Lies and Deception
World-views
Slogans and Aphorisms
Guilt and Shame
RitualMoral Fiction
Humor
Music
Morality and Language
Chapter Nine Language and a Clear View
1. Language
2. Cleaning our Tools
Vagueness
Ambiguity
Emotive Meaning
Grumbling and Muttering
Catastrophizing
3. Searching for the Cure
Sextus Empiricus
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Buddha and the Buddhists
4. Tools for Clarity and Health
Chapter Ten The Ways of Harmony and Control
1. Repriae
2. Control and Harmony
3. The Way of Control
The Legalists
Confucius and the Confucians
Plato
4. The Way of Harmony
Hemispheric Specialization
Smashing Hemispheric Imperialism
Reprogramming for Harmony
5. Exercises in Harmony
Weather
Bees and other Alarming Animals
Eat your Vegetables
Driving a Car
Crossing Broadway
Looking at things from a Different Point of View
Listening
Yielding and Compromising
Giving
Forgiving
Saying “Joy to the World” and Meaning it
6. Conclusion
Chapter Eleven Applied Ethics–Part One
1. Applied Ethics
The Interest in Applied Ethics
Applying Ethics
2. Abolishing Morality
3. Thought Experiments and Actual Decisions
4. Moral Problems can become Ethical Questions
5. Reproductive Issues
Abortion
Stem Cell Research
Contraception
6. Crime and Punishment
7. The Death Penalty
8. Conclusion
Chapter Twelve Applied Ethics—Part Two (Unfinished)
1. People
2. War
3 Animals
4. The Environment
5. Censorship
6. Sex, Drugs, and Rock and Roll
7. Last Conclusion
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